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The Festival of Baisakhi … by Kamlesh Tripathi

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The Festival of Baisakhi

Kamlesh Tripathi

    Baisakhi marks the first day of the month of Vaisakh. It is traditionally celebrated on the 13th or 14th of April every year. It is widely deemed as a spring harvest festival, especially in Punjab and Northern India, including the North East. Along with its agricultural importance, it is also considered the Indian Solar New Year in many regions. However, Sikhs celebrate their New Year in the first month of Chet according to the Nanakshahi calendar.

    Hindu scriptures do not mention ‘Baisakhi’ explicitly as a named festival, but they do insinuate seasonal, solar, and harvest references that reflect the central idea of Baisakhi. The Bhagavad Gita enumerates, ‘from food arises existence, rain produces food, and from sacrifice comes rain,’ thus reflecting the cycle of nature and harvest, core to Baisakhi. The Rigveda alludes, ‘may the fields be rich with grain, may the plough bring prosperity, and may the rains nourish the earth, reflecting the harvest gratitude central to Baisakhi. The Atharveda describes agricultural abundance, ‘O Earth, our mother, set firm in truth, may we be blessed with food in plenty, and live in harmony with your seasons.’ The traditional Hindu calendar (Panchang) says, ‘when the Sun enters Mesha (Aries), the new year dawns with light and hope,’ the astronomical basis of Baisakhi.

    Historically, Baisakhi was one of the most important annual market festivals of North India. Though it began as a grain harvest festival among Hindus and predates the creation of Sikhism, it later became deeply associated with the history of Sikhism.

    For Sikhs, Baisakhi is not only a harvest celebration but also a day of profound religious and historical significance. Devotees participate in kirtans, prabhat pheri, visit gurdwaras, organise community fairs, and take part in vibrant nagar kirtan processions. The Nishan Sahib flag is ceremonially raised, and people gather to socialise and share festive meals. Most importantly, the festival commemorates the founding of the Khalsa by Guru Gobind Singh on 13 April 1699.

    Another important milestone linked with Baisakhi is the coronation of Maharaja Ranjit Singh as the ruler of the Sikh Empire on 12 April 1801, which coincided with the festival and marked the emergence of a unified political state.

    Baisakhi is also remembered as a tragic day in Indian history. On this day in 1919, British officer Reginald Dyer ordered his troops to fire upon a peaceful gathering in Amritsar, resulting in the infamous Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

    It is also celebrated by Hindu communities across India under different regional names. For many Hindus, it marks the beginning of the solar New Year. On this occasion, people take ritual baths in sacred rivers like the Ganges, Jhelum, Kaveri and many others. They visit temples, meet friends and relatives, perform charitable acts (daan), and participate in festive celebrations.

    In different parts of India, Baisakhi coincides with other regional New Year festivals such as Puthandu, Pohela Boishakh, Bohag Bihu aka Rongali Bihu, and Vishu. Though the names vary, the spirit of celebration, renewal, and gratitude remains the same.

    The date of Baisakhi is determined by the solar calendar and gradually shifts over time due to astronomical changes. While it is currently observed on 13th or 14th April, it fell on 11 April in 1801 and is expected to occur on 29 April by the year 2999.

    The term ‘Baisakhi’ is derived from “Vaishakha,” the name of a month in the Hindu calendar, which itself originates from the Vishakha nakshatra. For Hindus, Baisakhi symbolises prosperity, renewal, and thanksgiving. It marks the completion of the harvest season, a time of abundance and joy for farmers. Fairs, temple processions, and special prayers are commonly organised, reflecting both cultural vibrancy and spiritual devotion.

In essence, Baisakhi is a festival that beautifully combines agricultural celebration, religious devotion, and historical remembrance. It reflects the rich cultural diversity of India while promoting unity, gratitude, and a sense of shared heritage among its people.

Written and posted by Kamlesh Tripathi

Author, Poet, & Columnist

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https://kamleshsujata.wordpress.com

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Shravan Charity Mission is an NGO that works for poor children suffering from life-threatening diseases, especially cancer. Our posts are meant for our readers, including children and adults, and have a huge variety of content. We also accept donations for our mission. Should you wish to donate to the cause of cancer? The bank details are given below:

NAME OF ACCOUNT: SHRAVAN CHARITY MISSION

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The Martyrdom of Bhagat Singh (Shaheed-e-Azam)

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The Martyrdom of Bhagat Singh (Shaheed-e-Azam)

Kamlesh Tripathi

    Shaheed Bhagat Singh remains a timeless symbol of courage, sacrifice, and revolutionary ideas. His life and martyrdom continue to inspire generations to stand for justice, equality, and freedom. He reminds us that true revolution lies not merely in action, but in the power of ideas.

    Born on 28 September 1907 in Banga village of Lyallpur district, which is now in Pakistan, Bhagat Singh grew up in a patriotic Sikh family headed by his father, Sardar Kishan Singh Sandhu. From a very early age, he was exposed to the ideals of nationalism and sacrifice. The horrific tragedy of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre left a deep and indelible scar on his young mind. It strengthened his resolve to fight against British oppression. By the year 1926, he had become actively involved in revolutionary movements, and he began organising young and youthful groups dedicated to India’s freedom.

    On 23 March 1931, Bhagat Singh was executed by the cruel British Raj along with Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar at the young age of 23. Their martyrdom stirred the conscience of the nation and inspired millions to join the struggle for independence. One can easily say Bhagat Singh was miles ahead of his physical age when it came to ‘Inquilabi’ ideas that were required to liberate Mother India from the clutches of the British Raj. He was also an established writer. ‘Why I Am An Atheist’ is an essay written by him in 1930 in the Lahore Central Jail. His other works are equally absorbing.

     With his erudite pronouncements, Bhagat Singh demolished the basis of the Sessions Court judgment and emphasised the importance of motive. The motive behind the action, he argued, should be the main consideration while judging the offence of an accused. He quoted the famous Jurist Solomon, who thought that one should not be punished for their criminal offence if their aim is not against the law.

    In his statement before the Lahore High Court Bench, Bhagat Singh spoke with humility, acknowledging that he and his comrade were neither trained lawyers nor masters of language. He urged the court to overlook shortcomings, if any, in their expression and instead, understand the real meaning and spirit behind their words. The central idea of his argument was the importance of motive in judging any action. He firmly believed that justice cannot be served without considering the intention behind an act. According to him, if motive was ignored, even the greatest figures in history might appear criminal when judged solely by their outward actions.

    He clarified that the Assembly bombing was not intended to kill anyone. The limited impact of the explosions proved that the act was carefully planned as a symbolic protest. He emphasised that they could have easily escaped if they had wished, but instead chose to surrender so that they could explain their ideals openly. They aimed to awaken both the rulers and the masses to the growing unrest in the country and to warn that continued neglect of people’s grievances by the British Raj could lead to greater upheaval.

    He also explained the true meaning of revolution, stating that it does not merely signify violence. For him, revolution was rooted in ideas and aimed at ending injustice, exploitation, and oppression in society. From a legal perspective, he argued that motive had always been an important factor in judicial decisions. He cited the example of Reginald Dyer, who ordered firing on unarmed civilians (equivalent to a massacre) but was not given capital punishment, but a cash award, and another case of Kharag Bahadur Singh, who received a lighter sentence because his intentions were taken into account.

    Bhagat Singh questioned why the same principle should not be applied to him and his comrades. He argued that ignoring motive was unjust and went against the principle that law exists for the welfare of human beings. He asked whether they were being denied fairness because their actions were political and directed against the government.

Written and posted by Kamlesh Tripathi

Author, Poet, & Columnist

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https://kamleshsujata.wordpress.com

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Shravan Charity Mission is an NGO that works for poor children suffering from life-threatening diseases, especially cancer. Our posts are meant for our readers, including children and adults, and have a huge variety of content. We also accept donations for our mission. Should you wish to donate to the cause of cancer? The bank details are given below:

NAME OF ACCOUNT: SHRAVAN CHARITY MISSION

Account no: 680510110004635 (BANK OF INDIA)

IFSC code: BKID0006805

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